Новый банк развития и цели устойчивого развития: выполняет ли банк свой мандат?
Аннотация
Многосторонние банки развития (МБР) уже давно играют важную роль в преодолении международных вызовов, в том числе посредством совместных исследований. Они менее политически ангажированы, в отличие от двусторонних программ содействия развития, и поэтому занимают более выгодную позицию в формировании глобальной повестки. Новый банк развития (НБР), в свою очередь, является особенно важным игроком среди МБР, поскольку это один из немногих институтов, сооснователями которого стали крупнейшие мировые экономики, но при этом в него не входят страны G7. В 2020 г. НБР продемонстрировал способность обеспечивать своевременное и эффективное кредитование своих членов в условиях кризиса – первая программа экстренной помощи в целях борьбы с COVID-19 была одобрена в марте 2020 г.
В этой статье обсуждаются изменения глобальной повестки устойчивого развития и вклад НБР в достижение целей устойчивого развития (ЦУР) в странах-членах, потенциальные инструменты и приоритетные сектора в долгосрочной перспективе, а также его влияние на глобальную финансовую архитектуру с учетом мировой экономической ситуации. Рассмотрено соответствие проектов НБР целям устойчивого развития. Авторы пришли к выводу, что НБР особенно способствует реализации ЦУР 6, ЦУР 7, ЦУР 8 и ЦУР 9, при этом лидирует ЦУР 9 (49 проектов). Это полностью совпадает с мандатом банка, в котором основным сектором инвестиций названа инфраструктура.
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Литература
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